Изготовление крючков
Добавлено: 15 ноя 2018, 00:47
Тема специфичная. Интересна может быть только тому, кому она интересна и так, и кто будет сам читать ссылки - т.е. мне . Речь об изготовлении "классических" )) крючков с акцентом на оригинальные источники.
Сразу пара моментов:
1. Сколь либо конкретного/развитого изложения по изготовлению стальных крюков 19-начала. 20 вв. пока не встретил, отчего выбирается по крупицам - отчего подозревается много ссылок, отчего подозревается бессмысленность приведения цитат - только разве чутка обозначить об чем. Цитаты будут преимущественно на языке оригинала - ибо важна точность терминов/формулировок.
2. Любой автор - эт субъективный взгляд на вещи. Т.е. если кем то где то написано - эт еще не значит, что это полная и всеобъемлющая правда.
Для начала.
За отправную точку можно взять обычно встречающееся общее описание процесса,с выделением основных моментов для последующего обращения внимания - https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/ite ... 8/mode/1up
Посещение factory of Alcock, at Redditch, England:
"..Through the kindly courtesy of Mr. Alcock we were shown through the different apartments and saw the various manipulations the wire taken from the coil undergoes, until the delicately-pointed, japanned hook is ready for the market. In one corner of a room there was a large pair of upright scissors; with a quick snap two hundred or more pieces of the required length were cut from a bundle of wire; six to ten of these pieces are taken, held firmly against an iron bar, and an incision made with a sharp knife, for the barb. Next the filer takes each one separately with a pair of pliers, holds it in a vise, and with a few deft movements of a file, the embryo hook is pointed. Now they are bent on different forms.
This is the christening period. They come forth, Sproat, Limerick, O'Shaughnessy, Kirby, Kendall, Sneck Bend, Hollow Points, and Round Points. The hardening process is the next in order. As we enter this department our nostrils are assailed by a fearful stench of burning fish-oil. We would like to retreat — an instant's consideration — we decide to ignore the olfactory nerves and keep on. Here we are shown rows of ovens, all filled with pans of burning, blazing hooks. They are kept in this fiery furnace from fifteen to twenty-five minutes,
then taken and thrown into the bath of oil. We were informed they formerly used water for cooling, but now they considered oil the best....I thought the oil was used to keep visitors from intruding. The hooks taken from the oil are quite brittle. To remedy this they are reheated. During this process, which lasts but a few minutes, they are stirred briskly in sand.
We next visited the scouring room. Here were eight small barrels, all filled with hooks and fine sand, revolving and turning round and round with a deafening clash and clang. In this room the workmen escaped quizzing. The noise was too much for me. Now for the finishing touches* — the japanning. The japan is a black, tarry liquid made in Birmingham, the composition of which seems to be a trade secret, as I failed to learn it. Two coats of japan are applied ; they are heated moderately in an oven and thoroughly mixed after each heating..."
Т.е. :
- нарезание проволоки (о коей интересует любая конкретная информация)
- формирование бородки
- формирование жала
- придание крюку формы
- закалка/отпуск крюка
- очистка/полирование
- финишное покрытие
Обратившие внимание мелочи из текста:
- жало формируется путем заточки (a few deft movements of a file, the embryo hook is pointed).
- намек на использование рыбьего жира при закалке (a fearful stench of burning fish-oil). Ежели эт так, то наиболее вероятные источники жира - треска и сельдь.
- финишное покрытие black japan. Состав изготовлен в Бирмингеме (liquid made in Birmingham). Покрытие в два слоя с прогревом каждого (Two coats of japan are applied ; they are heated)
Далее по тексту автор дополнительно отмечает (в противоречие иной ссылке, приведенной в истории) - I might add, that all first-class hooks are japanned, or black, and that a blued hook is always of an inferior quality.
Сразу пара моментов:
1. Сколь либо конкретного/развитого изложения по изготовлению стальных крюков 19-начала. 20 вв. пока не встретил, отчего выбирается по крупицам - отчего подозревается много ссылок, отчего подозревается бессмысленность приведения цитат - только разве чутка обозначить об чем. Цитаты будут преимущественно на языке оригинала - ибо важна точность терминов/формулировок.
2. Любой автор - эт субъективный взгляд на вещи. Т.е. если кем то где то написано - эт еще не значит, что это полная и всеобъемлющая правда.
Для начала.
За отправную точку можно взять обычно встречающееся общее описание процесса,с выделением основных моментов для последующего обращения внимания - https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/ite ... 8/mode/1up
Посещение factory of Alcock, at Redditch, England:
"..Through the kindly courtesy of Mr. Alcock we were shown through the different apartments and saw the various manipulations the wire taken from the coil undergoes, until the delicately-pointed, japanned hook is ready for the market. In one corner of a room there was a large pair of upright scissors; with a quick snap two hundred or more pieces of the required length were cut from a bundle of wire; six to ten of these pieces are taken, held firmly against an iron bar, and an incision made with a sharp knife, for the barb. Next the filer takes each one separately with a pair of pliers, holds it in a vise, and with a few deft movements of a file, the embryo hook is pointed. Now they are bent on different forms.
This is the christening period. They come forth, Sproat, Limerick, O'Shaughnessy, Kirby, Kendall, Sneck Bend, Hollow Points, and Round Points. The hardening process is the next in order. As we enter this department our nostrils are assailed by a fearful stench of burning fish-oil. We would like to retreat — an instant's consideration — we decide to ignore the olfactory nerves and keep on. Here we are shown rows of ovens, all filled with pans of burning, blazing hooks. They are kept in this fiery furnace from fifteen to twenty-five minutes,
then taken and thrown into the bath of oil. We were informed they formerly used water for cooling, but now they considered oil the best....I thought the oil was used to keep visitors from intruding. The hooks taken from the oil are quite brittle. To remedy this they are reheated. During this process, which lasts but a few minutes, they are stirred briskly in sand.
We next visited the scouring room. Here were eight small barrels, all filled with hooks and fine sand, revolving and turning round and round with a deafening clash and clang. In this room the workmen escaped quizzing. The noise was too much for me. Now for the finishing touches* — the japanning. The japan is a black, tarry liquid made in Birmingham, the composition of which seems to be a trade secret, as I failed to learn it. Two coats of japan are applied ; they are heated moderately in an oven and thoroughly mixed after each heating..."
Т.е. :
- нарезание проволоки (о коей интересует любая конкретная информация)
- формирование бородки
- формирование жала
- придание крюку формы
- закалка/отпуск крюка
- очистка/полирование
- финишное покрытие
Обратившие внимание мелочи из текста:
- жало формируется путем заточки (a few deft movements of a file, the embryo hook is pointed).
- намек на использование рыбьего жира при закалке (a fearful stench of burning fish-oil). Ежели эт так, то наиболее вероятные источники жира - треска и сельдь.
- финишное покрытие black japan. Состав изготовлен в Бирмингеме (liquid made in Birmingham). Покрытие в два слоя с прогревом каждого (Two coats of japan are applied ; they are heated)
Далее по тексту автор дополнительно отмечает (в противоречие иной ссылке, приведенной в истории) - I might add, that all first-class hooks are japanned, or black, and that a blued hook is always of an inferior quality.